• Theories of Change: What are they and why do we need them? This is a short introductory lecture, defining the concept, explaining its purpose and giving an example.

• Lederach, John Paul et. al (2007): Reflective Peacebuilding: A Planning, Monitoring, And Learning Toolkit”, The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame and Catholic Relief Service South East Asia Regional Office, pp. 25-36. http://kroc.nd.edu/sites/default/files/reflective_peacebuilding.pdf (last accessed 26/03/2009)

• Grantcraft (2006). “Mapping change. Using a Theory of Change to Guide Planning and Evaluation”. Ford Foundation. http://www.grantcraft.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.viewpage&pageid=808

• Keystone (June 2008), “Developing a Theory of Change. A Framework for Accountability and Learning for Social Change”. Keystone Reporting. http://www.keystoneaccountability.org/files/2%20Developing%20a%20theory%20of%20change.pdf

• Anderson, Andrea A., The Community Builder’s approach to Theory of Change. A practical guide to theory development, The Aspen Institute Roundtable on Community Change, in: http://www.theoryofchange.org/pdf/TOC_fac_guide.pdf

This is a guide to help facilitators work with organizations through each stage of the Theory of Change process. It includes tips on how to encourage participation and some common pitfalls and challenges facilitators face. It is intended to provide one format that a facilitator may find helpful. It is not, by any means, the only method ActKnowledge and the Aspen Roundtable use, but it has been tried and tested in our practice. The structure, tips and challenges come from years of field experience. You may notice that some terms are different than those used elsewhere, but the underlying process and concepts are the same.

• International Network on Strategic Philantrophy (2003), Theory of Change tool manual, in: http://www.tcfn.efc.be/download.php?d=320, last accessed: 30/03/2009. The Tool allows users to create a framework or model of change, also known as a "theory of change", which maps out how your program or initiative plans on getting from present conditions to your vision of success. It provides a guide for planning, implementing, and evaluating your initiative or effort. Once completed, it provides a picture of how your program or initiative will bring about change in order to accomplish an identified goal.

• Ilana Shapiro, Extending the framework of inquiry: Theories of change in conflict interventions. A response, in: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, Berghof Handbook Dialogue No. 5, First Launch August 2006 (http://www.berghof-handbook.net/uploads/download/dialogue5_shapiro_comm.pdf) This article contends that "Making the theories of change that guide existing conflict interventions more explicit provides an opportunity to extract and build theories that are grounded in practice." The author looks at the relationship of conflict and change and then enquires theories of change at different levels of analysis: changing individuals, relationships and social structures.